[Intermediate] The Science of DOGS

* mucous 점액을 분비하는

*pheromones 페로몬

 

★ whining 징징거리다, 우는 소리를 하다

to make a long, high, sad sound

ex) Leon's dog was sitting by the door whining, so I thought I'd better take it for a walk.

 

★ curl up 동그랗게 말리다/말다

to sit or lie in a position with your arms and legs close to your body

ex) She curled up on the sofa to watch TV.

 

★ abdomen 배, 복부

the lower part of a person's or animal's body, containing the stomach, bowels, and other organs, or the end of an insect's body

ex) The pain is in my lower abdomen. 

 

★ spatial 공간의

relating to the position, area, and size of things

ex) This task is designed to test children's spatial awareness.

 

★ latches 자물쇠, 걸쇠

a device for keeping a door or gate closed, consisting of a metal bar that fits into a hole and is lifted by pushing down on another bar

ex) He lifted the latch and opened the door.

 

★ sniff 코를 킁킁거리다,  냄새를 맡다

to smell something by taking air in through your nose

ex) Dogs love sniffing each other.

 

★ seizures 발작, 발병

a very sudden attack of an illness in which someone becomes unconscious or develops violent movements

ex) The cat suffered several seizures after eating some poison.

 

★ volatile 휘발성의

A volatile liquid or solid substance will change easily into a gas

 

★ readiness 준비가 되어 있음

willingness or a state of being prepared for something

ex) The company has declared its readiness to fight a challenge in the courts.

 

★ trigger 유발시키다, 촉발시키다

to cause something to start

ex)Some people find that certain foods trigger their headaches.

 

 

Quizzes

(1) I get drunk if I only _______ alcohol.

(2) Nuts can _______ off a violent allergic reaction.

(3) She _______  in bed and reads a book.

(4) Avoid belts or clothes that put pressure on your _______ 

 

 

Questions

(1) Do you have any pets?

(2) In what ways are dogs helpful to humans?

(3) Do you think dogs are really "a man’s best friend"?

(4) Can you think of some reason why people don't keep dogs or cats?

 

 

Script

Oh, dogs! A best friend that always has your back – in fact, studies have shown that men are 3 times more likely to get a girls phone number if they have a dog by their side! And do you ever feel like your dog just “gets” you? It turns out that humans and dogs both respond to emotional sounds. When your dog hears you crying or laughing, the response in their brain is similar to that of a human’s. In fact, they interpret your crying as another dog whining. Which may make you want to cuddle your buddy – but did you know that dogs often curl up into a ball when sleeping to conserve body heat and protect their most vulnerable organs in the abdomen from predators? Comfy! If you’re not always around to cuddle, leaving them some clothes that smell like you will actually help them with separation anxiety.

 

And while you may think you have the smartest dog, animal psychologists believe most dogs are about as smart as 2 year old human. Dogs can understand more than 150 words, count up to 5, and notice simple errors such as 1+1=3. Dogs are also capable of solving spatial problems; they learn the location of hidden treats, find the fastest route to the park and operate mechanisms such as latches and simple machines.

 

And by the way, dogs aren’t completely colorblind as many people think! But unlike the three specialized receptors in our eyes to distinguish colors, dogs only have two. Because of this, they see black, white, blue and yellow. Meanwhile, their brains don’t interpret red and green, but instead see gray. Of the 75 million domesticated dogs in America, Labradors are the most popular, but the most intelligent dog breeds are Border Collies, Poodles, and German Shepherds.

 

However, these are measures of intelligence that compare to our own; dogs are amazingly smart in other ways. You’ve probably heard of drug sniffing dogs, but did you know that dogs can sense seizures, detect low blood sugar and can sniff out cancer? In one study, dogs were able to identify 30 of 33 cases of prostate cancer by smelling participant’s urine. It is believed that dog’s highly sophisticated sense of smell can detect variation and the presence of volatile organic compounds. Their sense of smell is 10,000 to 10,000,000 times more sensitive than humans depending on the breed. A secreted fluid from their nose helps them smell by capturing scent chemicals in a thin layer of wet mucous on their nose.

 

In fact, for a dog, breathing is different than smelling. A small fold of tissue called the alar fold separates the flow of air depending on whether they are sniffing or breathing. Which also allows them to pick up pheromones in the air to help locate and determine the readiness of possible mates. Tinder for dogs! On top of it all, humans really do love dogs! A recent study found that dogs activate the same hormonal response that triggers us to love and care for our own babies. Accompany that with studies showing decreased stress and anxiety, and it’s clear why they have become such an important part of our lives. They truly are Woman and Man’s best friend!

 

Answers

drink/trigger/culrs up/abdomen