How Long Have You ...?
현재완료 2: 얼마나 오래
Grammar Point 오늘의 문법
Dialogue 대화문
Grammar Focus 핵심 정리
1. Started in the past, still true now 과거에 시작해서 지금도 계속
I've worked here for five years. You started five years ago and still work there. It's easy to say "I'm working here for five years," but the present perfect is correct.
I've worked here for five years.는 5년 전에 일을 시작해서 지금도 다니고 있다는 뜻입니다. '5년째 일하고 있어요'를 그대로 옮겨 I'm working here for five years.라고 하기 쉬운데, 이때는 현재완료를 써야 해요.
2. for = a period, since = a starting point for는 기간, since는 시작점
for + a length of time: for three years, for a long time. since + when it started: since 2019, since college, since I was 10.
for 뒤에는 기간이, since 뒤에는 시작한 때가 옵니다. for three years, for a long time / since 2019, since college, since I was 10.
3. have been + -ing for ongoing actions 동작이 계속될 때는 have been + -ing
For actions that keep going, like study, work, or wait, we often say I've been studying English for a year. For now, just know this form exists.
study, work, wait처럼 계속 이어지는 동작은 I've been studying English for a year.처럼 have been + -ing로도 자주 말합니다. 지금은 이런 형태가 있다는 것만 알아 두세요.
| for + period | since + starting point |
|---|---|
| for two weeks | since Monday |
| for five years | since 2020 |
| for a long time | since I was a kid |
Examples 예문
- I've worked here for five years.여기서 5년째 일하고 있어요.
- I've lived in this apartment since 2019.2019년부터 이 아파트에 살고 있어요.
- How long have you been a teacher?선생님 하신 지 얼마나 됐어요?
- We've known each other since college.우리는 대학 때부터 알고 지냈어요.
- I've been studying English for about a year.영어 공부한 지 1년 정도 됐어요.
- It's been a long time!정말 오랜만이에요!
Practice 빈칸 채우기
- I've had this phone two years.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) for 정답은 b) for입니다."Two years" is a length of time, so we use "for".two years는 기간이므로 for가 맞습니다.
- She's lived here 2018.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) since 정답은 b) since입니다."2018" is a starting point, so we use "since".2018은 시작점이므로 since가 맞습니다.
- How long you known him?Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is c) have 정답은 c) have입니다.We ask about a length of time with "How long have you ...?"기간을 물을 때는 How long have you ...?를 쓰므로 have가 맞습니다. 뒤에 과거분사 known이 있는 것도 힌트예요.
- I here for 10 years.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is a) have worked 정답은 a) have worked입니다.It started 10 years ago and continues now, so we use the present perfect: "have worked".10년 전에 시작해 지금까지 계속되는 일이므로 현재완료 have worked가 맞습니다.
Role Play 상황 연습
A new teacher is asking about you.
새로운 선생님이 여러분에 대해 묻고 있어요.
Use for / since to say how long you've had your job, lived in your home, and had your hobby. Then ask your teacher the same questions.
일, 사는 곳, 취미를 얼마나 오래 했는지 for / since를 써서 말하고, 선생님께도 같은 질문을 해 보세요.
Answer How long ...? questions about your job, home, and hobby with for / since.
일, 집, 취미에 대해 How long ...? 질문을 받는다고 생각하고 for / since로 각각 대답해 보세요.
Let's Talk 선생님과 말하기
- How long have you lived in your home? What do you like about it?지금 사는 집에서 지낸 지 얼마나 되었나요? 어떤 점이 마음에 드나요?I've lived here for five years. I've always liked the big windows, and the neighbors have been very kind.Click here to create your own sentence!Create
Correction ResultSubmitShow hint - When you meet a friend's partner for the first time, what do you ask?친구의 연인이나 배우자를 처음 만나면 무엇을 물어보나요?First, I usually ask, "How long have you known each other?" Then I ask, "How long have you been together?" They're easy questions, and couples usually like them.Click here to create your own sentence!CreateCorrection ResultSubmitShow hint
- How long have you known your best friend?가장 친한 친구와 알고 지낸 지 얼마나 되었나요?I've known her since middle school, so for about 25 years. We've been best friends since then.Click here to create your own sentence!CreateCorrection ResultSubmitShow hint
