If and When
if / when: 조건과 때
Grammar Point 오늘의 문법
Dialogue 대화문
Grammar Focus 핵심 정리
1. If + present, will + base verb If + 현재, will + 동사원형
If it rains tomorrow, I'll stay home. Even for the future, use the present after if. "If it will rain" is wrong.
If it rains tomorrow, I'll stay home. 미래 이야기라도 if 뒤에는 현재시제를 씁니다. If it will rain은 틀린 표현입니다.
2. when follows the same rule when도 같은 규칙
When I get home, I'll call you. Use the present after when, too.
When I get home, I'll call you. when 뒤에도 현재시제를 씁니다.
3. if = maybe, when = for sure if는 '혹시', when은 '확실히'
If I see him, ... (maybe) / When I see him, ... (I will). You can switch the order: I'll call you when I get home.
If I see him, ... (만날지 모름) / When I see him, ... (만날 예정). if는 일어날지 모르는 일에, when은 일어날 게 확실한 일에 씁니다. I'll call you when I get home.처럼 순서를 바꿔 말해도 돼요.
| Condition (present) | Result |
|---|---|
| If I have time, | I'll call you. |
| If you're tired, | you should rest. |
| When I finish work, | I'll go to the gym. |
| When she arrives, | we'll start. |
Examples 예문
- If it rains tomorrow, I'll stay home.내일 비가 오면 집에 있을 거예요.
- If you have any questions, just ask.질문이 있으면 그냥 물어보세요.
- When I get home, I'll take a shower.집에 가면 샤워할 거예요.
- I'll call you when I arrive.도착하면 전화할게요.
- If I'm late, please start without me.제가 늦으면 저 없이 시작하세요.
- If you don't hurry, you'll miss the train.서두르지 않으면 기차를 놓칠 거예요.
Practice 빈칸 채우기
- If it tomorrow, we'll cancel the picnic.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) rains 정답은 b) rains입니다.After "if", use the present tense, even for the future: "rains".미래 이야기라도 if 뒤에는 현재시제를 씁니다. 그래서 rains가 맞습니다.
- I'll text you when I home.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is a) get 정답은 a) get입니다.After "when", use the present tense too: "get".when 뒤에도 현재시제를 쓰므로 get이 맞습니다.
- If you tired, you should go to bed.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) are 정답은 b) are입니다.After "if", use the present tense. With "you", that's "are".if 뒤에는 현재시제를 쓰고, 주어가 you이므로 are가 맞습니다.
- If I see Jake, I him the news.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) will tell 정답은 b) will tell입니다.The result part uses "will": "will tell".if가 없는 결과 부분에는 will을 씁니다. 그래서 will tell이 맞습니다.
Role Play 상황 연습
The weekend weather isn't certain yet. Your teacher asks about your plans.
주말 날씨가 아직 확실하지 않아요. 선생님이 계획을 물어요.
Use if for plans for good and bad weather, and when for plans that are certain.
날씨가 좋을 때와 나쁠 때의 계획을 if로, 확실한 일정은 when으로 이야기해 보세요.
Make two If ..., I'll ... sentences and one When ..., I'll ... sentence about this weekend.
이번 주말 계획을 If ..., I'll ... 문장 2개와 When ..., I'll ... 문장 1개로 말해 보세요.
Let's Talk 선생님과 말하기
- What will you do if you have a free day tomorrow?내일 하루 쉬게 된다면 무엇을 할 건가요?If I have a free day, I'll sleep late and go to a café. If the weather is nice, I'll take a walk by the river.Click here to create your own sentence!Create
Correction ResultSubmitShow hint - What will you do when you get home tonight?오늘 집에 가면 무엇을 할 건가요?When I get home, I'll eat dinner and watch a drama. If I'm not too tired, I'll study English for 30 minutes.Click here to create your own sentence!CreateCorrection ResultSubmitShow hint
- If a friend from another country visits Korea, where will you take them?다른 나라 친구가 한국에 온다면 어디에 데려갈 건가요?If my friend visits, I'll take them to Gyeongbokgung and a Korean barbecue restaurant. If they like spicy food, I'll take them to a tteokbokki place, too.Click here to create your own sentence!CreateCorrection ResultSubmitShow hint
