And, But, So, Because
접속사로 문장 잇기
Grammar Point 오늘의 문법
Dialogue 대화문
Grammar Focus 핵심 정리
1. and = also, but = contrast and = 그리고, but = 하지만
I went home and took a shower. / It was cheap, but it was good. Joining sentences makes your answers longer and more natural.
I went home and took a shower. / It was cheap, but it was good. and는 내용을 덧붙이고, but은 반대되는 내용을 잇습니다. 이렇게 문장을 이어 말하면 대답이 훨씬 길고 자연스러워져요.
2. so = result so = 그래서 (결과)
I was tired, so I went to bed early. The reason comes before so, and the result comes after.
I was tired, so I went to bed early. so 앞에는 이유가, 뒤에는 결과가 옵니다.
3. because = reason because = 왜냐하면 (이유)
I went to bed early because I was tired. The reason comes after because. Don't use both because and so to join the same reason and result. (not "Because I was tired, so I went to bed early.")
I went to bed early because I was tired. because 뒤에는 이유가 옵니다. 같은 이유와 결과를 because와 so로 한꺼번에 잇지는 않습니다. Because I was tired, so I went to bed early.는 틀린 문장이에요. '피곤해서'와 '그래서'를 둘 다 영어로 옮기다 보니 자주 하는 실수예요.
| Word | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| and | adds information | I cooked and cleaned. |
| but | shows contrast | It's small but cozy. |
| so | shows a result | It rained, so we stayed in. |
| because | gives a reason | We stayed in because it rained. |
Examples 예문
- I was hungry, so I ordered chicken.배가 고파서 치킨을 시켰어요.
- I ordered chicken because I was hungry.배가 고파서 치킨을 시켰어요.
- The hotel was old, but it was clean.호텔은 오래됐지만 깨끗했어요.
- I finished work and went straight home.일을 끝내고 바로 집에 갔어요.
- I'm learning English because I want to travel.여행하고 싶어서 영어를 배우고 있어요.
- It was raining, so I took a taxi.비가 와서 택시를 탔어요.
Practice 빈칸 채우기
- I was sick, I stayed home.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) so 정답은 b) so입니다.Staying home is the result of being sick. We use "so" before a result.집에 있었던 건 아팠던 결과이므로 so가 맞습니다.
- I stayed home I was sick.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is a) because 정답은 a) because입니다.A reason ("I was sick") comes next, so we use "because".뒤에 이유(I was sick)가 오므로 because가 맞습니다.
- The restaurant was expensive, the food was great.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is c) but 정답은 c) but입니다."Expensive" and "great" are a contrast, so we use "but".'비쌌다'와 '맛있었다'는 서로 반대되는 내용이라 but이 맞습니다.
- Which is correct?Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) Because I was tired, I slept. 정답은 b) Because I was tired, I slept.입니다.Don't use both "because" and "so" to join the same reason and result.같은 이유와 결과를 because와 so로 겹쳐 잇지 않습니다. 그래서 because만 쓴 문장이 맞습니다.
Role Play 상황 연습
Your teacher asks about a recent decision you made (moving, changing jobs, starting exercise, etc.).
선생님이 최근에 내린 결정에 대해 물어요. (이사, 이직, 운동 시작 등)
Say what you decided, why (because), what happened as a result (so), and any downside (but).
무엇을 결정했는지, 왜 그랬는지(because), 그래서 어떻게 됐는지(so), 아쉬운 점(but)을 이야기해 보세요.
Describe yesterday in four sentences using and, but, so, and because.
어제 있었던 일을 and, but, so, because를 모두 넣어 4문장으로 말해 보세요.
Let's Talk 선생님과 말하기
- How did you choose your job?지금 하는 일은 어떻게 하게 되었나요?I chose it because I like numbers. The pay is good, so I'm happy. But it's stressful, so I sometimes think about a change.Click here to create your own sentence!Create
Correction ResultSubmitShow hint - Have you had a difficult day recently? What happened?최근에 힘든 하루를 보낸 적이 있나요? 무슨 일이 있었나요?Yes, last Monday was really bad. I missed my bus, so I was late for work. I was also hungry all day because I forgot my lunch!Click here to create your own sentence!CreateCorrection ResultSubmitShow hint
- Do you like your city? Why or why not?사는 도시가 마음에 드나요? 어떤 점이 좋고 어떤 점이 아쉬운가요?I like it because it's convenient, but it's very crowded. The subway is always full, so I often take the bus.Click here to create your own sentence!CreateCorrection ResultSubmitShow hint
