Who, That, and Which
관계대명사 who / that / which
Grammar Point 오늘의 문법
Dialogue 대화문
Grammar Focus 핵심 정리
1. who for people, which for things 사람은 who, 사물은 which
I have a friend who teaches English. / I bought a bag which was on sale. Put it right after the noun to add details.
I have a friend who teaches English. / I bought a bag which was on sale. 꾸미고 싶은 명사 바로 뒤에 붙여서 설명을 덧붙입니다.
2. that works for both that은 사람·사물 모두 가능
a friend that teaches English / a bag that was on sale. In conversation, that is more common than which for things.
a friend that teaches English / a bag that was on sale. that은 사람과 사물에 모두 쓸 수 있습니다. 대화에서는 사물에 which보다 that을 더 자주 써요.
3. You can drop that or who when it's the object 목적어일 때는 생략 가능
the movie (that) I watched / the people (who) we met. If a subject follows, you can leave out that or who.
the movie (that) I watched / the people (who) we met. 뒤에 주어(I, we)가 오면 that이나 who를 빼도 됩니다.
| Noun | Relative word | Example |
|---|---|---|
| person | who / that | the man who lives next door |
| thing | that / which | the phone that I bought |
| object (can drop) | (that) | the book I'm reading |
Examples 예문
- I have a friend who lives in Toronto.토론토에 사는 친구가 있어요.
- This is the café that I told you about.이게 제가 말했던 카페예요.
- The movie I watched last night was boring.어젯밤에 본 영화는 지루했어요.
- I like teachers who explain things clearly.설명을 분명하게 해 주는 선생님이 좋아요.
- Do you know a restaurant that serves good pho?쌀국수 잘하는 식당 알아요?
- The people we met in Jeju were really kind.제주에서 만난 사람들은 정말 친절했어요.
Practice 빈칸 채우기
- I have a cousin is a doctor.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) who 정답은 b) who입니다."Cousin" is a person, so we use "who".사람(cousin)을 꾸미므로 who가 맞습니다.
- This is the phone I bought last week.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) that 정답은 b) that입니다."Phone" is a thing, so we use "that" (or "which").사물(phone)을 꾸미므로 that이 맞습니다. which를 써도 됩니다.
- The pizza we ordered was cold.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is a) (nothing) 정답은 a) (nothing)입니다.A subject ("we") comes next, so "that" can be dropped.뒤에 주어 we가 오므로 that을 생략할 수 있습니다.
- I want a job pays well.Correct! 정답입니다!The answer is b) that 정답은 b) that입니다."Job" is a thing, so we use "that", not "who".사물(job)을 꾸미므로 that이 맞습니다.
Role Play 상황 연습
Your teacher is coming to Korea next month and asks for recommendations.
선생님이 다음 달 한국에 온다며 추천을 부탁해요.
Describe your recommendations in detail: a restaurant that ..., a place that ..., a person who ....
a restaurant that ..., a place that ..., a person who ...처럼 추천할 곳을 자세히 설명해 보세요.
Describe a favorite person, place, and thing using who or that.
좋아하는 사람, 장소, 물건을 who / that으로 하나씩 설명해 보세요.
Let's Talk 선생님과 말하기
- Can you describe a person who changed your life?인생을 바꿔 놓은 사람이 있다면 소개해 주세요.My high school English teacher really changed my life. She was the first person who believed in me. Now she's a friend that I visit every year.Click here to create your own sentence!Create
Correction ResultSubmitShow hint - What's a place that you really like in your city?사는 도시에서 정말 좋아하는 곳은 어디인가요?There's a small park near my office that I really love. I go there every lunchtime because it's quiet. It even has a little café that sells great coffee!Click here to create your own sentence!CreateCorrection ResultSubmitShow hint
- What's the best book you've ever read?지금까지 읽은 책 중 가장 좋았던 책은 무엇인가요?The best book I've ever read is a novel that my sister gave me. It's about a woman who travels around the world.Click here to create your own sentence!CreateCorrection ResultSubmitShow hint
